DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF AN AUTOMATIC SOLAR POWERED LIGHTING SYSTEM.

 

PROJECT STUDENT NAMES:

1.UKENI CHINECHEREM AGHA 2015/ND/17167/CTE 

2.CHUKWU FRANK CHIKAODIRI 2015/ND/19139/CTE 

3.ABARAOBASI SAMUEL CHIEMERIE 2015/ND/19135/CTE

4.ABUNG SAMUEL MISSANG 2015/ND/19136/CTE.

 SUPERVISOR’S NAME: ENGR.EZIECHINA M.

DEPARTMENT: COMPUTER ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY.

SCHOOL: AKANUIBIAM FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC UNWANA AFIKPO,EBONYI 
STATE.

INTRODUCTION:
Automatic solar powered lighting system needs no manual operation of switching On and off. The system itself detect whether there is need for light or not . when darkness rises to a certain level , then automatically solar power lighting system is switched ON and when there is other source of light the solar powered system switched Off. This is done by a sensor called light dependent resistor (LDR) which senses the light actually like human eye. This vital use of light gives rise to the idea of using solar energy to power solar powered lighting system as an alternative to electricity. This solar powered lighting system can then be used for the provision of light to our homes, offices, companies and class rooms.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM:
The need to supply light without manually switching it ON and Off arises as years roll by. Automatic solar powered lighting system is a simple yet powered concept, which uses transistor as a switch. This paper presents how solar energy is being harnessed to power solar light and virtually, remove manual work to 100%. The system automatically switches ON light when the sunlight goes below the visible region of the eye. This is done by a sensor called light dependent resistor (LDR) which sense the light actually like the human eye. It automatically switched OFF light when the sunlight comes visible to the eye.

AIM AND OBJECTIVES:
Aim:
To design and construct a solar powered automatic lighting system that automatically turn OFF when there is light reflection on it and also turn ON when there is darkness (it sense darkness).
Objective:
Energy consumption can be reduced by using this automatic system for street light control because the manually operated solar powered automatic lighting system are not switched OFF properly even the sun light, comes and also not switched ON earlier before sunset.

METHODOLOGY:
The System Design The design is such that the solar panel will be installed on the galvanized pole considering some specifications like angle of elevation and direction of sunlight. The 12v dc battery that will power the LED bulbs will be connected to the solar panel via the charge controller for charging purpose. PVMODLE (photovoltaic) (PV) this is a method of generating electrical power converting solar radiation into direct current electricity using semi-conductors that exhibit the Photovoltaic effect. photovoltaic power generation employs solar panels composed of a numbers of solar cells containing a photovoltaic material. Material presently used for photovoltaic include: Monocrytalline Silicon, Poly Crystalline Silicon, Amorphous Silicon , Cadmium telluride and Copper indium gallium seleride / sulfide photovoltaic module or solar module is a package ,connected assembly of photovoltaic cells.

BACKGROUND OF STUDY
Light is critical in everyday activities for the community of normal Life. From Plant to animals, from human beings to domestic insects, from technology, to science , noting seems to maximize it. Existence without the availability of light (Garg and Prakash, 2007). Even he human eye require some amount of light to function well (Perin 1999) light from the Sun is natural and it is called sunlight. This sunlight can serve as a source of solar power which is converted to electric power for both household , and industrial utilization. Solar power is the generation of electricity from sunlight , this can be direct as with photovoltaic (PV)or indirect as with concentrating solar power (CSP) (Holladay, 2000) where the sun’s energy is focused to boil water which then used to provide energy . Solar power is a predictable energy source which means that when solar power is not available at all times; we can predict with a very good degree of occurrence when it will not be available (Wikipedia, 2010). One area of application of solar energy is system. This is the equipment that is found in the construction of solar powered lighting system. This is the equipment that is Paramount to meeting the need s of every community in the 21st century (Maloney , 1996). It can be controlled by a control system to prevent storage batteries from charging and over discharging. Automatic solar powered lighting system needs no manual operation of switching On and off. The system itself detect whether there is need for light or not . when darkness rises to a certain level , then automatically solar power lighting system is switched ON and when there is other source of light the solar powered system switched Off. This is done by a sensor called light dependent resistor (LDR) which senses the light actually like human eye. This vital use of light gives rise to the idea of using solar energy to power solar powered lighting system as an alternative to electricity. This solar powered lighting system can then be used for the provision of light to our homes, offices, companies and class rooms.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
The need to supply light without manually switching it ON and Off arises as years roll by. Automatic solar powered lighting system is a simple yet powered concept, which uses transistor as a switch. This paper presents how solar energy is being harnessed to power solar light and virtually, remove manual work to 100%. The system automatically switches ON light when the sunlight goes below the visible region of the eye. This is done by a sensor called light dependent resistor (LDR) which sense the light actually like the human eye. It automatically switched OFF light when the sunlight comes visible to the eye. By using this system energy consumption is also reduced because presently, the manually operated streetlight are not switched OFF at sunlight nor switched ON earlier before sunset. There wastes energy that could have been channeled to gainful use.

AIM AND OBJECTIVES.
Aim: To design and construct a solar powered automatic, lighting system that automatically term OFF when there is light reflection on its relay and also turn ON when there is darkness (it sense darkness).
Objective
To design a solar powered lighting system that are beneficial in the day morning of life. To design a solar powered lighting system that the maintenance costs will be reduced, salted energy, environment friendly and convenient to install. To design and contract a solar powered lighting system that needs no manual operation of switching , ON or off because the system itself detects whether there is need for light or not. Solar power is the generation of electricity from sunlight enables the system to carry out its function or operation. Energy consumption can be reduced by using this automatic, system for street light control because the manually operated sola powered automatic lighting system are not switched OFF properly even the sun light, comes and also not switched ON earlier before sunset. To design a solar powered lighting system that is easy to manufacture. Reduced green house gas emission and also higher community satisfaction. It is also fast playback. This solar powered lighting system can then be used for the provision of light to our home, offices, companies, and class rooms.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION
This project aims were to reduce the side or negative effect of the current automatic lighting system, and find a solution to save power. In this project, the first thing is to prepare the input and the outputs of the system is to control the lights. This project has been implemented and works as expected and will prove to be very useful and also fulfill all the present constraint if implemented on a large scale. Also on the medium of carrying out these project, we involved it in a practical or experimental way and achieved our purpose of doing the project. It was mounted in the noon and it was checked again at the night then the light was ON automatically due to the help of switching circuit and relay. But when they was light reflection on the system (morning ) it went OFF. The system is automatic due to the way it was designed, it needs no manual operation , it senses darkness and sunlight itself with the help of LDR (Light Dependent Resistor)which makes it easy and convenient to use.